Identification of the Seed Essential Oil Composition of Four Apiaceae Species and Comparison of their Biological Effects on Sitophilus oryzae L. and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst.)

Background: The Apiaceae family is defined with the diversity of essential oil. Some of composition could be used to control of storage pests. Objective: This study was conducted to estimate and identification of the seed essential oil composition of four Apiaceae species. Methods: The essential oil composition of the seeds of the four Apiaceae’s species including (Pimpinella anisum L., Foeniculum vulgar Mill, Coriandrum sativum L. and Petroselinum hortense) were identified by Gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and compared with each other. Finally, biological effects of the four different species of Apiaceae family were evaluated against adult insects of two important storage pests. Results: The results of analysis showed Anethol with 76.56% and 76.22% is the original component of Pimpinella anisum L., Foeniculum vulgar Mill, respectively. Also, Linalool with 58.80% and α-Pinene with 42.15% are the original components of Coriandrum sativum L. and Petroselinum hortense, respectively. Discussion: Regarding to the identified components of the essential oils and obtained results, Pimpinella anisum L. and Coriandrum sativum L. showed the most fumigant toxicity on the storage pests.